At the beginning of 2022, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine broke out, causing a sudden change in the international situation, and the new coronavirus variant also made a comeback at the same time, once again shrouding the world under the shadow of the virus. Whether it is a war or an epidemic, it will strike an indiscriminate blow on the economies of various countries. Swans swept the world.
At present, the external development environment of my country's economic development is difficult and there are many uncertain factors, but there are still new opportunities lurking under the crisis. For various industries, how to adapt to the changes of the times and grasp new development opportunities is the current enterprise in various industries. challenges faced.
Returning to the semiconductor field, stimulated by the application of high demand in the downstream market, the global semiconductor market will grow rapidly in 2021. According to WSTS statistics, global semiconductor sales will reach 555.9 billion US dollars in 2021, a year-on-year increase of 26.2%. my country's integrated circuit industry in 2021 The sales amounted to 1,045.83 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.2%.
The semiconductor industry is an important driver of the rapid development of the digital age, and it is also one of the important indicators to measure a country's comprehensive strength. As the world's largest semiconductor market, under the "two-wheel" drive of good national industrial policy support and downstream demand stimulation, the domestic semiconductor industry has a bright future.
The development of enterprises is inseparable from talents, and the semiconductor industry urgently needs the supply of high-quality talents. What is the current situation of the development of talents in the semiconductor industry?
JW Insights organizes the data of 135 listed companies in 2021 and categorizes and analyzes from multiple dimensions such as personnel composition, personnel efficiency, personnel education distribution, and average salary of personnel in listed companies to present the current market talent situation.
First, the composition of the semiconductor industry personnel
(1) Distribution of the number of personnel
According to data from 135 listed companies, the number of employees in the semiconductor industry in 2021 will be 456,600, a year-on-year increase of 17.54% compared with 388,500 in 2020. From the perspective of different types of positions, the number of production personnel reached 266,000, ranking first in the number of personnel in all types of positions, followed by technical personnel with 119,200 personnel.
Due to the influence of the business model in the design industry, technicians (R&D) account for a high proportion of the overall personnel composition, accounting for 42.97%. It can also be seen from the data analysis results that the top 10 companies with the highest proportion of technicians are all designers. Among them, the technical personnel of Chuangyao Technology and Huiding Technology account for more than 90% of the total number of employees.
In 2021, except for procurement and general management positions, all other positions will show positive growth, of which sales, technical and functional positions will all increase by more than 20%. As the industry enters a rapid development cycle, the upstream and downstream needs of the industrial chain have been released to varying degrees, and companies in the industry are increasingly demanding talents. As a technology- and talent-intensive industry, integrated circuits are technology- and talent-intensive industry. A key factor in competitive advantage.
From the perspective of industrial chain distribution, the number of employees in IDM and packaging and testing fields exceeded 100,000, and the number of employees in the design field was 99,000, ranking third. Compared with the number of personnel in various fields in 2020, the personnel in the equipment field ranked first with an increase of 42.48%, followed by electronic components (21.83%) and packaging and testing (20.01%). Semiconductor equipment is a key support link in the semiconductor industry chain, and it is also a key factor restricting the development of my country's semiconductor industry. In 2021, the listed companies of my country's domestic semiconductor equipment have achieved leapfrog development. It can also be seen from the substantial growth of industrial personnel that my country's semiconductor equipment industry is in a state of rapid development, and the process of domestic substitution is also accelerating.
(2) Distribution of educational background of personnel
The semiconductor industry has the characteristics of a long industrial chain, and each industrial chain can be independently formed into a chain, which also makes the personnel working in the semiconductor industry vary greatly, especially in the integrated circuit sector, which accounts for 80% of the semiconductor industry. obvious. The upstream design field is highly knowledge-intensive, so it brings together a large number of highly educated professionals who graduated from excellent colleges and universities, while the midstream and downstream wafer manufacturing and packaging and testing, due to the needs of factory production, the front-line operators are mostly measured by their past. Work experience is the main criterion, and education is not the highest priority. Judging from the distribution of personnel education data of listed companies, in 2021, the highest proportion of education in my country's semiconductor industry is junior college and below (43.17%), and undergraduate education (23.86%) ranks third.
In 2021, the listed semiconductor companies will show varying degrees of increase in each educational structure, with the highest increase of 26.45% for college education and below, 23.64% for master's degree and above, and 22.10% for bachelor's degree.
From the perspective of different industrial chain links, the current corporate data of listed companies shows that the packaging and testing industry has the highest demand for a college degree or below (62.36%), and the equipment field has the highest demand for a bachelor's degree (35.42%), and the design industry and high-end manufacturing industry have the highest demand for a bachelor's degree or below (35.42%). Postgraduate qualifications are most in demand.
Compared with the same period in 2020, there are huge differences in the ratio of personnel education in various fields. The material industry, packaging and testing industry and IDM have seen a significant increase in the demand for doctoral degree personnel, of which the material industry has increased by 104.41%. Materials and equipment are the engines that promote innovation in integrated circuit technology. Driven by both policy and demand, materials companies are constantly breaking through the original technical level and improving their production and research capabilities. It is self-evident that core talents play a role in it. While the number of doctoral degree personnel in the electronic components industry has decreased significantly, the demand for personnel with a college degree or below has risen sharply.
Second, the semiconductor industry's salary
By collating the data of 135 listed companies in Wind data, it is found that the cumulative revenue of 135 listed companies is 662.2 billion, a year-on-year increase of 34.76%, and the total employee compensation payable in the same period is 85.1 billion. The average salary of employees of listed companies in the semiconductor industry in 2021 is 289,000 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.19% compared with 246,600 yuan in 2020. In 2021, the average human efficiency of listed companies in the semiconductor industry will be 2.1872 million yuan, compared with the average human efficiency of 1.8294 million yuan in 2020, a year-on-year increase of 19.56%; the ratio of labor costs to total revenue in 2021 will be 17.47%, a year-on-year decrease of 4.42 percentage points.
(1) The labor cost of different types of enterprises
The semiconductor industry plays a crucial role in my country's economic development. The state has given huge support at the policy level. Local governments have also invested a lot of financial subsidies for the development of the industry, and have also matched corresponding policies in talent attraction and retention. measures in order to provide a better operating environment for the development of the industry. Through comparison, it can be found that in 2021, the proportion of the overall industry enterprises' expenditure on labor costs in the company's revenue will show a downward trend compared with 2020, with an average decrease of 4.42 percentage points. The labor cost of the packaging and testing industry has shown positive growth, with an increase of 10.02%. Due to the rapid development of the industrial chain, the packaging and testing industry enterprises have shown a large expansion trend in terms of personnel scale. The expansion of personnel will inevitably lead to an increase in the labor cost of the enterprise.
(2) Human Effectiveness of Different Types of Enterprises
The average human efficiency of the design industry in 2021 is 2.837 million yuan, exceeding the industry average. The design industry is upstream of the integrated circuit industry. It has a strong driving effect on the development of the entire industry, and also plays an important role in chip performance and stability. In 2021, the sales of my country's design industry will be 451.9 billion, accounting for 43.21% of the annual sales of the integrated circuit industry, a year-on-year increase of 19.6%. The revenue of the 65 listed design companies this time was 173.1 billion, accounting for 26.26% of the total revenue of listed companies, a year-on-year increase of 39.65%. The design industry is mainly responsible for chip circuit design and sales, outsourcing production, testing, packaging, and other links. The industry has the characteristics of light assets and low operating costs, so it has outstanding performance in human efficiency.
(3) Average salary of different types of enterprises
The design industry ranks first among all types of enterprises with an average salary of 392,100 yuan. Manufacturing (279,600 yuan) and semiconductor equipment (279,300 yuan) ranked second and third respectively. After 2014, my country's semiconductor industry entered a period of rapid development, but it still faces many development problems, and there is a long way to go to achieve domestic substitution. As a highly knowledge-intensive industry, the design industry is highly dependent on talents. How to attract talents is the focus of all design companies. Salary, as an important talent attraction tool, also plays an important role at critical moments.
(4) Salary of enterprises of different scales
The average salary performance of small and medium-sized enterprises with less than 500 employees is outstanding, which is closely related to the type of industry corresponding to the large-scale enterprises. Among the 135 listed companies in the statistics, there are 36 companies with less than 500 employees, 27 design companies, 6 materials companies, and 3 equipment companies. In recent years, with the establishment of the Science and Technology Innovation Board, some start-up semiconductor companies have been approved for listing, and small and medium-sized integrated circuit design companies have become the most dynamic innovation entities. In order to better maximize corporate profits or develop on a larger scale, more Pay attention to the attraction and retention of talents, and a high salary is an important manifestation of its emphasis on talents.
(5) Top 10 companies with an average salary
Aojie Technology's average salary of 830,500 yuan ranks first among 135 listed companies. Followed by VeriSilicon (718,800 yuan), and Siruipu (667,500 yuan). From the perspective of enterprise type distribution, among the TOP10 enterprises, there are 9 design companies and 1 equipment company. The distribution of enterprise-scale also shows the characteristics of polarization, with 5 enterprises with 151-500 employees and 5 enterprises with 1001-5000 employees.
The secondary market is a barometer of the market economy, which can more accurately and intuitively reflect the fundamentals of enterprise development in the market. The financial and personnel management of listed companies has attracted more attention from investors. By collating and analyzing the data disclosed by listed companies in China's integrated circuit industry in 2021, we hope to help industry companies and related practitioners better understand market talents Happening.
In addition to listed companies, with the rapid development of the semiconductor industry, a number of semiconductor companies have also sprung up. In the face of the current high economic cycle of the industry, there is an obvious shortage of talent supply. However, in the post-Moore era, under the struggle, The importance of talent has become increasingly prominent.
For start-up or small and medium-sized semiconductor companies, without the halo of a big factory, nor can they provide more generous salaries, it can be said that it is difficult to compete for limited high-quality talents.
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