According to China Mobile Research Institute, recently, China Mobile Research Institute and Huawei have completed the field verification of the 4.9GHz large-scale antenna array AAU in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. The verification results show that this innovative product has been significantly improved in terms of coverage distance, edge rate, network pulling rate, site capacity, and innovative research direction.
In recent years, China Mobile's 5G network construction has been steadily advancing, forming a hierarchical and differentiated three-dimensional coverage based on the three-band 5G spectrum of 700MHz, 2.6GHz, and 4.9GHz. Among them, 700MHz has the strongest propagation capability and is mainly used for 5G wide-area base; 2.6GHz has a larger bandwidth and mainly carries 5G capacity in areas above the county and city level, and 4.9GHz is generally used for high-capacity supplements in communication hotspots. Compared with the 700MHz and 2.6GHz frequency bands, the most significant disadvantage of 4.9GHz is that its frequency is higher, resulting in greater spatial propagation loss and penetration loss, and its coverage is significantly weaker than that of lower frequency bands. Therefore, how to improve the 4.9GHz coverage capability, thereby increasing the user rate and capacity, has always been a difficult problem in the industry.
Although compared with other 5G mainstream spectrums such as 700MHz, 2.6GHz, and 3.5GHz, 4.9GHz has greater propagation loss and weaker coverage, but at the same time, the electromagnetic wavelength corresponding to the higher frequency is shorter, making the same number of antenna elements and The physical size of the AAU antenna is also relatively smaller, which is conducive to improving its signal propagation performance by expanding the scale of the antenna oscillator.
Through the comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the 4.9GHz frequency band, China Mobile Research Institute proposed the AAU design idea of maintaining the number of baseband channels, making full use of antenna resources, greatly increasing the number of antenna elements, and increasing beam gain, in order to combat propagation loss and enhance coverage. Based on this idea, China Mobile Research Institute cooperated with Huawei to develop product prototypes, carried out field pilot verification in the downtown area of Hangzhou, and measured the effect of 5G coverage enhancement.
The pilot results show that compared with the traditional 4.9GHz AAU, the coverage distance of the new product is increased by more than 20%, the rate of the cell edge is increased by about 60%, and the average speed of the single-user network is increased by more than 30%, while the power consumption of the whole machine remains unchanged. The overall network performance has been significantly improved, especially for far-point and edge users. The penetration of buildings is stronger, and outdoor macro stations can achieve deeper indoor user coverage and capacity absorption.
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